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Brand: Videx, Videx EC
Didanosine, also known as dideoxyinosine (ddI), is an antiviral medication used to treat HIV/AIDS. It belongs to the class of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and works by inhibiting the reverse transcriptase enzyme, which is essential for HIV replication. Didanosine is typically used in combination with other antiretroviral drugs as part of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).
Used in combination with other antiretroviral agents to treat HIV-1 infection.
Pancreatitis (sometimes fatal), peripheral neuropathy (sometimes irreversible), lactic acidosis with hepatic steatosis (sometimes fatal), and severe hepatomegaly with steatosis have been reported. Fatal and nonfatal pancreatitis have occurred; patients should be informed of the risk and advised to discontinue didanosine if abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, or unexplained anorexia develops. Peripheral neuropathy, characterized by bilateral distal symmetrical numbness, tingling, or pain in the feet and, less frequently, in the hands has occurred. Lactic acidosis and severe hepatomegaly with steatosis have been reported with antiretroviral nucleoside analogs alone or in combination, including didanosine. Women appear to be more susceptible to this adverse effect.
Outcome:
Increased risk of didanosine toxicity
Mechanism:
Reduced renal clearance of didanosine.
Outcome:
Increased risk of pancreatitis
Mechanism:
Additive pancreatic toxicity.
Outcome:
Reduced didanosine absorption
Mechanism:
Changes in gastric pH.
Most likely new formulation: extended-release formulations for improved patient adherence (2024, 30% confidence).
Based on current usage trends and clinical trial data, there is a low likelihood of any major regulatory changes for didanosine in the near future (<5% within the next 2 years).
Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (NRTI), Antiretroviral
Nucleoside analog