Medicines
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Discover all available medicines and treatments
Brand: Daraprim, Fansidar
Pyrimethamine is an antifolate medication primarily used in combination with other medications for the treatment and prevention of certain parasitic diseases, such as malaria and toxoplasmosis. It belongs to the class of diaminopyrimidines and inhibits the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), crucial for the synthesis of folic acid in parasites. This action disrupts DNA synthesis and cell division in the parasites, leading to their death.
For the treatment and prevention of malaria and toxoplasmosis, often in combination with other drugs.
Pyrimethamine can cause bone marrow suppression, resulting in decreased production of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Patients should be monitored for signs of anemia, infection, and bleeding.
Outcome:
Increased risk of bone marrow suppression
Mechanism:
Synergistic inhibition of folate synthesis
Outcome:
Decreased phenytoin levels
Mechanism:
Induction of hepatic metabolism
Outcome:
Decreased pyrimethamine absorption
Mechanism:
Altered gastrointestinal pH
Most likely new formulation: Liposomal pyrimethamine for improved bioavailability and reduced toxicity (2025, 60% confidence)
Based on current usage trends and resistance patterns, there is a 20% likelihood of increased restrictions on pyrimethamine use in the next 5 years.
Antiparasitic, Antifolate
Diaminopyrimidine